In electric circuits, there are active & passive elements:
- active element might be accumulator during power discharge,
- passive element might be accumulator during power charging.
Arrow notations.
Energy Flow.
On diagrams, arrows' directions mean positive direction of current's flow.
- positive current is the current flowing in direction of the positive flow, as noted with arrows,
- negative current is the current flowing in opposite direction of the positive flow, as noted with arrows.
Electric Current Arrow's Direction.
Reference arrow shows which of current's directions is positive. If electric current's direction & refernce arrow's direction are same, we have positive current. With opposite directions, we have negative current.
Voltage Arrow's Direction.
In a case of a voltage, reference arrows are drawn as arcs or straight lines that join points between which they show voltage.
Arrow's point shows positive voltage.
Two-Port Network with shown Electric Current's & Voltage's directions.
Direction of adding voltages can be shown by using indexes for voltage symbols. Positive direction of voltage is then counted starting from place marked by first-indexed symbol.
Two-Port Networks are energy converters that have two clamps at entering current side & two clamps at emerging current side. Current's arrows are drawn as to have them entering a Two-Port Network (it's marking system for a receiver device).
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