Different States of Matter.
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms that matter takes on.
Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
Many other states are known, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and neutron-degenerate matter, but these only occur in extreme situations such as ultra cold or ultra dense matter.
Other states, such as quark–gluon plasmas, are believed to be possible but remain theoretical for now.
Solid.
In a solid the particles (ions, atoms or molecules) are closely packed together.
The forces between particles are strong so that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate.
As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume.
Solids can only change their shape by force, as when broken or cut.
Liquid.
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure.
The volume is definite if the temperature and pressure are constant.
Gas.
A gas is a compressible fluid.
Not only will a gas conform to the shape of its container but it will also expand to fill the container.
Plasma.
Like a gas, plasma does not have definite shape or volume.
Unlike gases, plasmas are electrically conductive, produce magnetic fields and electric currents, and respond strongly to electromagnetic forces.
Positively charged nuclei swim in a "sea" of freely-moving disassociated electrons, similar to the way such charges exist in conductive metal.
In fact it is this electron "sea" that allows matter in the plasma state to conduct electricity.
Showing posts with label Matter. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Matter. Show all posts
Wednesday, November 18, 2015
Tuesday, November 17, 2015
Energy & Matter.
Energy & Matter.
i read that Matter is an Energy Form.
Matter is made of Atoms.
Energy has many forms, is also made of Atoms & Free Electrons.
Energy Forms include:
- Potential Energy,
- Kinetic Energy,
- Chemical Energy,
- Mass Energy, as expressed in Einstein's famous equation: E = mc2,
- ...
Atoms & Free Electrons.
Atoms are made of Nucleus & Electrons orbiting around Nuclei.
Nucleus is made of Protons & Neutrons.
Protons give atom a positive charge, electrons give negative charge - when these neutralize each other, atom's charge is zero, a neutral charge.
An ion is an atom or a molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge.
Free electron is an electron that is not attached to an atom or ion or molecule but is free to move under the influence of an electric field.
Atoms & Molecules.
An atom is smallest particle in an element that has the properties of the element. It is not possible to breakdown the atom further retaining the properties of the element.
Molecules are formed by the combination of two or more atoms. Unlike atoms, molecules can be subdivided to individual atoms. The atoms are bonded together in a molecule.
Physical Values.
Atom's mass ranges from 1.67 × 10−27 to 4.52 × 10−25 kg.
Atoms' size range from 0.1 to 0.5 nanometers in width (1 nm = 10-9 m).
Electron's mass is 9.10938291(40)×10−31 kg.
Electron's charge, Elementary Negative Charge, is equal to approximately: -1.6021766208(98)×10−19 coulombs.
Proton's mass is approximately 1.672621777(74)×10−27 kg.
Proton's charge is also Elementary Charge, Elementary Positive Charge, is equal to approximately 1.6021766208(98)×10−19 coulombs, a negation of electron's charge.
Neutron's mass is approximately 1.674927471(21)×10−27 kg.
Neutron's charge is 0.
it's hard to define subatomic particle's sizes in terms of 'balls with size'.
Electron size depends on how we perceive atom, if it's a 'small ball of energy', then it's approximately 1 femtometer (1 fm = 10-15 m).
i read that Matter is an Energy Form.
Matter is made of Atoms.
Energy has many forms, is also made of Atoms & Free Electrons.
Energy Forms include:
- Potential Energy,
- Kinetic Energy,
- Chemical Energy,
- Mass Energy, as expressed in Einstein's famous equation: E = mc2,
- ...
Atoms & Free Electrons.
Atoms are made of Nucleus & Electrons orbiting around Nuclei.
Nucleus is made of Protons & Neutrons.
Protons give atom a positive charge, electrons give negative charge - when these neutralize each other, atom's charge is zero, a neutral charge.
An ion is an atom or a molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge.
Free electron is an electron that is not attached to an atom or ion or molecule but is free to move under the influence of an electric field.
Atoms & Molecules.
An atom is smallest particle in an element that has the properties of the element. It is not possible to breakdown the atom further retaining the properties of the element.
Molecules are formed by the combination of two or more atoms. Unlike atoms, molecules can be subdivided to individual atoms. The atoms are bonded together in a molecule.
Physical Values.
Atom's mass ranges from 1.67 × 10−27 to 4.52 × 10−25 kg.
Atoms' size range from 0.1 to 0.5 nanometers in width (1 nm = 10-9 m).
Electron's mass is 9.10938291(40)×10−31 kg.
Electron's charge, Elementary Negative Charge, is equal to approximately: -1.6021766208(98)×10−19 coulombs.
Proton's mass is approximately 1.672621777(74)×10−27 kg.
Proton's charge is also Elementary Charge, Elementary Positive Charge, is equal to approximately 1.6021766208(98)×10−19 coulombs, a negation of electron's charge.
Neutron's mass is approximately 1.674927471(21)×10−27 kg.
Neutron's charge is 0.
it's hard to define subatomic particle's sizes in terms of 'balls with size'.
Electron size depends on how we perceive atom, if it's a 'small ball of energy', then it's approximately 1 femtometer (1 fm = 10-15 m).
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)